What is osteoporosis ?
osteoporosis describes the health condition in which bony skelton becomes very fragile and so easy to break , the density of bony tissue decreases in response to the great breakdown rate compared to the build up rate .
Statics
osteoporosis touches more than 10% of the population , more commonly in people over 50 years ,especially women .
Bone remodeling and hormonal balance
bone undergoes a permanent remodeling throughout life,this process involves two sub processes :the removal of mineralized bone by a type of cells called osteoclasts and the fromation of new bone matrix by an other type of cells called osteoblasts followed by a subsequent mineralization ( fixation of calcium and phosphates) .

maintaining a constant bone mass requires a perfect balance between the two sub processes (removal and formation) , and this depends mostly on the equilibrium between hormones that regulate bone remodeling : homones that favor bone fromation ,mineralization and conservation (growth hormone , sex hormones and IGF) and hormones that induce bone demineralization (taking off minerals ) including parathormone , calcitriol and glucocorticoids .
Aging and osteoporosis
since bone mass requires a hormonal homeostasis ,any hormonal disorder will increase or decrease the bone mass depending on the role played by the dysregulated hormone in the remodeling process .
Hormones production changes naturally as we age ,Blood levels of some hormones increase , some decrease, and some rest unchanged affecting our body systems and organs , in term of bone changes , primary osteoporosis , leads to a deterioration in bone microarchitecture , loss of bone mineral density and increased risk of a fracture . Back to hormones function , the decrease in sex hromones levels appears to be the reason behind bone density reduction especially in women .
Action of sex hormones on bone tissue
studies on osteoporotic patients under androgenic treatement shows a significant decrease in bone resorption ( deminerlazitaion ) compared to patients who did not receive the treatment , indicating that the major action of sex hormones on bone tissue is not a formation but an inhibition of resorption , and this confirms the link between osteoporosis and sex hormones deficiency associated naturally to aging process.
Women and osteoporosis
the rapid drop in estrogens levels during menopause makes women more vulnerable to osteoporosis compared to men who experience a little progressif decrease in testosterone . estrogens replacement therpay would be the most efficient way to prevent women from osteoporosis during menopause .

an additional reason behind aging osteoporosis in some people could be the increase of parathormone ( PTH) production levels .



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